WPI(4)

NAME
wpi - Intel PRO/Wireless 3945ABG IEEE 802.11a/b/g wireless network driver

SYNOPSIS
wpi* at pci? dev ? function ?

DESCRIPTION
The wpi driver provides support for Intel PRO/Wireless 3945ABG Mini PCI Express network adapters.

These are the modes the wpi driver can operate in:

BSS mode
    Also known as infrastructure mode, this is used when associating with an access point, through which all traffic passes. This mode is the default.

monitor mode
    In this mode the driver is able to receive packets without associating with an access point. This disables the internal receive filter and enables the card to capture packets from networks to which it wouldn't normally have access, or to scan for access points.

wpi supports software WEP. Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is the de facto encryption standard for wireless networks. It can be typically configured in one of three modes: no encryption; 40-bit encryption; or 104-bit encryption. Unfortunately, due to serious weaknesses in the WEP protocol it is strongly recommended that it not be used as the sole mechanism to secure wireless communication. WEP is not enabled by default.

CONFIGURATION
The wpi driver can be configured at runtime with ifconfig(8) using the following parameters:

bssid bssid
    Set the desired BSSID.

-bssid
    Unset the desired BSSID. The interface will automatically select a BSSID in this mode, which is the default.

chan n
    Set the channel (radio frequency) to be used by the driver based on the given channel ID n.

-chan
    Unset the desired channel to be used by the driver. The driver will automatically select a channel in this mode, which is the default.

media media
    The wpi driver supports the following media types:

    autoselect
        Enable autoselection of the media type and options.

mediaopt opts
    The wpi driver supports the following media options:

    monitor
        Select monitor mode.

-mediaopt opts
    Disable the specified media options on the driver and return it to the default mode of operation (BSS).

mode mode
    The wpi driver supports the following modes:

    11a Force 802.11a operation.
    11b Force 802.11b operation.
    11g Force 802.11g operation.

nwid id
    Set the network ID. The id can either be any text string up to 32 characters in length, or a series of hexadecimal digits up to 64 digits. An empty id string allows the interface to connect to any available access points. By default the wpi driver uses an empty string. Note that network ID is synonymous with Extended Service Set ID (ESSID).

nwkey key
    Enable WEP encryption using the specified key. The key can either be a string, a series of hexadecimal digits (preceded by ‘0x’), or a set of keys of the form “n:k1,k2,k3,k4”, where ‘n’ specifies which of the keys will be used for transmitted packets, and the four keys, “k1” through “k4”, are configured as WEP keys. If a set of keys is specified, a comma (‘’), within the key must be escaped with a backslash. Note that if multiple keys are used, their order must be the same within the network. wpi is capable of using both 40-bit (5 characters or 10 hexadecimal digits) or 104-bit (13 characters or 26 hexadecimal digits) keys.

-nwkey
    Disable WEP encryption. This is the default mode of operation.

FILES
The driver needs at least version 2.14.4 of the following firmware file, which is loaded when an interface is brought up:

/libdata/firmware/if_wpi/iwlwifi-3945.ucode

EXAMPLES

    # ifconfig wpi0 nwkey 0x1deadbeef1

Return wpi0 to its default settings:

    # ifconfig wpi0 -bssid -chan media autoselect \
    	nwid "" -nwkey

Join an existing BSS network, “my_net”:

    # ifconfig wpi0 192.168.1.1 netmask 0xffffff00 nwid my_net

DIAGNOSTICS

wpi%d: device timeout A frame dispatched to the hardware for transmission did not complete in time. The driver will reset the hardware. This should not happen.

wpi%d: fatal firmware error For some reason, the firmware crashed. The driver will reset the hardware. This should not happen.

wpi%d: Radio transmitter is off The radio transmitter is off and thus no packet can go out. The driver will reset the hardware. Make sure the laptop radio switch is on.

wpi%d: could not read firmware file For some reason, the driver was unable to read the firmware image from the filesystem. The file might be missing or corrupted.

wpi%d: firmware file too short: %d bytes The firmware image is corrupted and can't be loaded into the adapter.

wpi%d: could not load firmware An attempt to load the firmware into the adapter failed. The driver will reset the hardware.

NOTES
On some laptops the radio transmitter button must be pushed twice to get the driver working, or you will get a wpi%d: fatal firmware error when the interface will be set to up

SEE ALSO
arp(4), ifmedia(4), intro(4), netintro(4), pci(4), ifconfig(8), firmload(9) The IPW Web Page, http://damien.bergamini.free.fr/ipw/.

AUTHORS
The wpi driver was originally written by Damien Bergamini <damien@openbsd.org>. NetBSD porting was done by Jean-Baptiste Campesato <camjelemon@gmail.com>.